Etanercept

What is etanercept and how is it used?

Etanercept是一种被称为生物疗法的药物。

Inrheumatoid arthritis和some other inflammatory conditions, too much of a protein called TNF is produced by the immune system. This causes inflammation, pain and damage to your joints. Anti-TNF drugs, such as etanercept, block TNF and reduce inflammation.

Etanerceptisn’t a painkiller, but it can reduce the effects of your condition. Your symptoms should start to improve 2–12 weeks after you start taking it.

用途

Etanerceptcan be prescribed by aconsultant rheumatologist为了:

Biological therapies, such as etanercept, won’t usually be prescribed unless you’ve tried at least two疾病改良的抗风湿药(DMARDS)。这些包括药物甲氨蝶呤,磺胺嗪leflunomide

Etanercept通常与甲氨蝶呤结合使用,但可以单独使用。

怎么样?

Etanerceptis taken once or twice a week as an injection under the skin, known as a subcutaneous injection.

您可以通过注射器或喷油笔取依然威。您,您的伴侣或家人的其他成员可以学会在家中注射这些注射。您应该确保它们存储在冰箱中。

If you forget to take your etanercept contact yourrheumatology team。They’ll be able to advise you on when to take it next.

Etanerceptmay not work right away, so it’s important to continue taking it even if it doesn’t seem to be working. You should also continue taking it as prescribed when your symptoms improve and you start to feel better, as this will keep your condition under control.

大多数人在服用Etanercept时会定期进行血液检查。

生物仿制药

Etanercept最初仅作为称为Enbrel的药物使用。但是,生物疗法的较新版本已成为可用的,因此您可能会以不同的名称(例如Benepali或Erelzi)开处方。这些药物被称为生物仿制药,并以类似的方式起作用。

在开始Etanercept之前要知道的事情

Etanerceptis a very effective drug for many people with arthritis. But it’s not suitable for everyone.

Before you’re prescribed etanercept, doctors sometimes use a scoring system to work out how active your arthritis is. The system used depends on what condition you have, but you’ll probably be asked how well you feel on a scale of 1 to 10 and your doctor will make a note of how many of your joints feel tender and swollen.

你还需要血液检测出活性e your condition is and to check whether the drug is suitable for you.

你的doctor might not prescribe etanercept if:

  • 您怀孕或母乳喂养
  • 你有艾滋病毒
  • you have severe heart problems
  • 您患有癌症
  • you, or a close family member, have multiple sclerosis (MS)
  • you have lung problems.

This drug should be used with caution if you have infections that repeatedly come and go.

Before starting etanercept, you’ll have a chest x-ray and tests to check if you’ve ever been exposed to tuberculosis (TB). If you have, you may need treatment for TB before you can start taking it.

您还将检查以前的乙型肝炎或C感染,因为Etanercept可能会增加这些疾病的风险。

副作用和风险

大多数人没有任何副作用,对于那些这样做的人来说,他们通常并不认真。但是,如果您确实有严重的副作用,或者担心自己的症状,请联系一名负责您护理的医疗保健专业人员。

一些最常见的副作用包括:

  • a blocked or runny nose
  • 喉咙痛
  • feeling sick or vomiting
  • a mild fever
  • 头痛
  • dizziness
  • 皮疹
  • 肚子痛。

有些人可能会在注射时产生反应,例如发红,肿胀或疼痛。这些反应应在经过一个月的治疗后停止出现。定期更改注射点将有助于减少发生这种情况的机会。

In rare cases, people experience allergic reactions. This could be in the form of swelling, a rash or you may feel short of breath. If you do develop these symptoms, or any other severe symptoms, during or soon after a dose of etanercept you should seek medical advice straight away.

Because etanercept affects the immune system, it can make you more likely to develop the symptoms of a cold or to pick up infections. Tell your doctor orrheumatology nursestraight away if you develop any of the following symptoms:

  • a cough that won’t go away
  • unexpected weight loss
  • fever.

还要让他们知道您是否注意到任何无法解释的瘀伤或出血。你的rheumatology teammight advise you to pause or stop treatment.

如果您有水痘或带状疱疹,或者如果您与拥有它们的人接触并且您以前从未有过水痘,则应联系风湿病团队。如果您在Etanercept上,这些疾病可能会比平常更糟。您可能需要为他们进行治疗,并且您的Etanercept可能会停止,直到您改善为止。

抗TNF药物与某些类型的皮肤癌有关。但是,两者之间的联系尚不清楚。早期诊断时,通常可以成功治疗皮肤癌。为了安全起见,请确保佩戴防晒霜,并定期检查您的皮肤是否有任何新斑点或雀斑或痣的更改。

依那感很少会导致称为药物诱导的狼疮的疾病。症状包括皮疹,发烧和增加关节疼痛。如果您有任何这些症状,则应告诉您的风湿病团队。如果停止Etanercept,这种情况通常会清除。

Tips to reduce your risk of infection

  • Try to avoid close contact with people you know have an infection.
  • Wash your hands regularly and carry around a small bottle of antibacterial hand gel.
  • 定期刷牙来保持嘴巴清洁。
  • 如果您是吸烟者,请停止吸烟。
  • Make sure your food is stored and prepared properly.
  • Try to keep your house clean and hygienic, especially the kitchen, bathrooms and toilets.

影响其他的治疗方法

如果您要服用Etanercept,您可能会服用甲氨蝶呤as well. Check with your doctor before starting any new medications.

Remember to mention you’re on etanercept if you’re treated by anyone other than your usualrheumatology team,因为它不会从GP中出现在您的重复处方列表中。

It’s recommended that you carry a biological therapy alert card, so anyone treating you will know that you’re on etanercept.

向您的风湿病团队询问卡或在我们的网站上免费订购一个

You can carry on takingnon-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such asibuprofen, orpainkillers,例如如果需要的话,例如扑热息痛,除非您的医生另有建议。

Don’t take over-the-counter preparations or herbal remedies without talking to your healthcare team or a pharmacist, as some of them may react badly with etanercept.

疫苗接种

The pneumonia (new-mow-nee-uh) vaccine and yearly flu vaccines don’t affect etanercept and are perfectly safe to have while you’re taking it. It’s very important to have these to reduce your risk of infection.

It's usually recommended that you avoid having live vaccines such as MMR (measles, mumps and rubella) or yellow fever and chickenpox.

如果您从未有水痘,那么在开始Etanercept之前,可以接种疫苗。但是与您讨论rheumatology teamfirst. It’s also a good idea to get any family or household members vaccinated against chickenpox before you start taking etanercept.

The Zostavax shingles vaccine is a live vaccine and isn’t recommended for people who are on etanercept. However, a non-live shingles vaccine (Shingrix) is available so you may be able to have this instead.

如果您不确定是否应该接受疫苗,请确保与风湿病团队聊天。

Having an operation

Talk this over with your rheumatology team. It’s likely you’ll be advised to stop etanercept for a couple of weeks before and after surgery.

酒精

Etanercept和酒精之间没有已知的相互作用,因此,如果您要服用这种药物,可以喝一杯。

Government guidelines say both men and women should have no more than 14 units of alcohol a week. This is equivalent to about six glasses of wine or six pints of beer.

You can find out more about units of alcohol atwww.drinkaware.co.uk

生育能力,怀孕和母乳喂养

If you’re planning to try for a baby, if you become pregnant, or if you’re thinking of breastfeeding, we suggest you discuss your medications with your rheumatologist.

当前的准则说,您可以在怀孕的前六个月内继续服用依那感。但是,如果担心您的关节炎可能会爆发,那么您的医生可能建议您在整个怀孕期间继续服用。

If this is the case, your baby shouldn’t have any live vaccines until they’re at least seven months old. For more information talk to your rheumatology team and your child’s doctor, as some vaccines will still be safe for them to have.

There’s only limited information about the use of etanercept while breastfeeding, but there’s no research to show that it’s harmful.

Current guidelines state that men trying to father a baby should be ok to continue taking etanercept or甲氨蝶呤。If in doubt discuss this with your rheumatologist first.

Women who are taking methotrexate as well as etanercept should stop taking methotrexate at least three months before trying for a baby. Methotrexate should not be restarted until after you’ve finished breastfeeding.